Because humankind is created in the image of God, justice must be rendered in the form of restitution that could be payment or even the death penalty.  Righteous judgment applies even to possessions. God hears the cries of defenseless people when they are victims of immoral or oppressive acts. Giving back the first-fruits of His creation is reminder that God is the creator. Consider what Ex. 22 says about investing your time, talent and treasure. It’s about Him and not about you. 

If a man steals an animal and sells it, he shall pay five- or four-fold depending on the animal. If a thief is caught and killed while breaking in, bloodguiltiness won’t be rendered but if he lives, restitution must be made by paying double if animal is found alive (Ex. 22:1-5). Persons who commit intentional torts are liable for punitive damages.

People must make restitution for starting a fire that burns a field or grain. For every breach of trust, the case of both parties goes before the judges and the guilty pays double to his neighbor (Ex. 22:6-9). Negligent damage or wrongdoing demands restitution.

If someone gives an animal to his neighbor and it dies, is hurt or driven away while no one is looking, an oath before the Lord must be made between both parties that he wasn’t responsible and the owner must not demand restitution (Ex. 22:10-13). No restitution or damages required when circumstances show apparent wrongdoing was without fault.

If a man borrows anything from his neighbor and it is injured or dies, he shall make full restitution unless the owner was present (Ex. 22:14-15). Restitution or cash required for damage to borrowed property. 

If a man has sex with a virgin who is not engaged, he must pay a dowry for her to be his wife. Don’t allow a sorceress to live. Put to death someone who lies with an animal. He who sacrifices to any god other than the Lord alone shall be destroyed. You shall not wrong or oppress a stranger, widow or orphan since you were strangers in Egypt. God hears their cries and will kill you with the sword (Ex. 22:16-24). Immoral or oppressive acts against God or disenfranchised people can lead to a penalty of death. 

Don’t act as creditor by charging interest if lend money to the poor. Return a neighbor’s only cloak received as pledge before the sun sets. God is gracious and hears their cries (Ex. 22:25-27). Don’t take advantage of the poor since God is gracious to hear their cries. 

Don’t curse God or ruler of your people. Promptly give the first-born of your sons and first-fruits of your harvest and resources. You shall be holy before God and not eat any flesh torn in the field (Ex. 22:28-31). Be holy by not cursing God and giving back to Him the first-fruits He provides.

How do you treat those who can’t help you get ahead? Does this passage change your view on immigration? Why don’t you give financially? What does this passage have to say about how you invest your time, talent and treasure? 


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